diff --git a/src/dns_cache.rs b/src/dns_cache.rs
index fcd09f5..4a5d140 100644
--- a/src/dns_cache.rs
+++ b/src/dns_cache.rs
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
 use std::future::Future;
 use std::net::{SocketAddr, IpAddr};
 use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::io::Error;
+use std::io::{Error, ErrorKind};
 use std::pin::Pin;
 use std::task::{self, Poll};
 
 use hyper::client::connect::dns::Name;
 
-use log::{trace, debug};
+use log::{trace, debug, error};
 
 use lru::LruCache;
 
@@ -24,6 +24,23 @@ use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
 
 use trust_dns_resolver::TokioAsyncResolver;
 use trust_dns_resolver::config::{NameServerConfig, Protocol, ResolverConfig, ResolverOpts};
+use trust_dns_resolver::error::{ResolveError};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum DnsResolveError {
+    ResolutionFailure (ResolveError),
+    DnsNoRecordsFound,
+    DnsUnknownError,
+    InterruptedError (Error)
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Display for DnsResolveError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:?}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for DnsResolveError {}
 
 pub async fn create_resolver(dns1_sock: SocketAddr, dns2_sock: SocketAddr) -> TokioAsyncResolver {
     let mut resolver_config: ResolverConfig = ResolverConfig::new();
@@ -53,21 +70,38 @@ pub async fn create_resolver(dns1_sock: SocketAddr, dns2_sock: SocketAddr) -> To
 
 pub async fn resolve_with_cache(host: &str,
                                 resolver: &TokioAsyncResolver,
-                                resolver_cache: Arc<Mutex<LruCache<String, String>>>) -> String {
+                                resolver_cache: Arc<Mutex<LruCache<String, String>>>) -> Result<String, DnsResolveError> {
     let host_string = String::from(host);
     let mut guard = resolver_cache.lock().await;
     let found = (*guard).get(&host_string);
 
     if found.is_none() {
         trace!("resolve_with_cache: host={} not in cache, resolving...", String::from(host_string.as_str()));
-        let resolved_ip = format!("{}", resolver.lookup_ip(host).await.unwrap().iter().next().unwrap());
-        (*guard).put(String::from(host_string.as_str()), resolved_ip.to_string());
-        debug!("resolve_with_cache: resolved {} -> {}", String::from(host_string.as_str()), &resolved_ip);
-        resolved_ip
+        let lookup_result = resolver.lookup_ip(host).await;
+        if lookup_result.is_err() {
+            let err = lookup_result.err();
+            if err.is_some() {
+                Err(DnsResolveError::ResolutionFailure(err.unwrap()))
+            } else {
+                Err(DnsResolveError::DnsUnknownError)
+            }
+        } else {
+            let ip_result = lookup_result.unwrap();
+            let first_result = ip_result.iter().next();
+            if first_result.is_none() {
+                error!("resolve_with_cache: {} - no records found", String::from(host_string.as_str()));
+                Err(DnsResolveError::DnsNoRecordsFound)
+            } else {
+                let resolved_ip = format!("{}", first_result.unwrap());
+                (*guard).put(String::from(host_string.as_str()), resolved_ip.to_string());
+                debug!("resolve_with_cache: resolved {} -> {}", String::from(host_string.as_str()), &resolved_ip);
+                Ok(resolved_ip)
+            }
+        }
     } else {
         let found = found.unwrap();
         trace!("resolve_with_cache: host={} found in cache, returning: {}", host_string, found);
-        String::from(found)
+        Ok(String::from(found))
     }
 }
 
@@ -92,24 +126,29 @@ pub struct CacheAddrs {
 }
 
 pub struct CacheFuture {
-    inner: JoinHandle<Result<IpAddrs, std::io::Error>>
+    inner: JoinHandle<Result<IpAddrs, DnsResolveError>>
 }
 
 pub async fn resolve_to_result(host: String,
                                resolver: Arc<TokioAsyncResolver>,
-                               cache: Arc<Mutex<LruCache<String, String>>>) -> Result<IpAddrs, Error> {
-    let ip = resolve_with_cache(host.as_str(), &resolver, cache).await;
-    let ip_addr: IpAddr = ip.parse().unwrap();
-    let sock = SocketAddr::new(ip_addr, 0);
-    Ok(IpAddrs { iter: vec![sock].into_iter() })
+                               cache: Arc<Mutex<LruCache<String, String>>>) -> Result<IpAddrs, DnsResolveError> {
+    let resolve_result = resolve_with_cache(host.as_str(), &resolver, cache).await;
+    if resolve_result.is_err() {
+        Err(resolve_result.err().unwrap())
+    } else {
+        let ip = resolve_result.unwrap();
+        let ip_addr: IpAddr = ip.parse().unwrap();
+        let sock = SocketAddr::new(ip_addr, 0);
+        Ok(IpAddrs { iter: vec![sock].into_iter() })
+    }
 }
 
 impl Service<Name> for CacheResolver {
     type Response = CacheAddrs;
-    type Error = std::io::Error;
+    type Error = DnsResolveError;
     type Future = CacheFuture;
 
-    fn poll_ready(&mut self, _cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), std::io::Error>> {
+    fn poll_ready(&mut self, _cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Result<(), DnsResolveError>> {
         Poll::Ready(Ok(()))
     }
 
@@ -119,14 +158,13 @@ impl Service<Name> for CacheResolver {
         let cache: Arc<Mutex<LruCache<String, String>>> = self._cache.clone();
         let addrs = tokio::task::spawn(
             resolve_to_result(String::from(name.as_str()), resolver, cache)
-            // resolve_with_cache(host.as_str(), &resolver, cache)
         );
         CacheFuture { inner: addrs }
     }
 }
 
 impl Future for CacheFuture {
-    type Output = Result<CacheAddrs, std::io::Error>;
+    type Output = Result<CacheAddrs, DnsResolveError>;
 
     fn poll(mut self: Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
         Pin::new(&mut self.inner).poll(cx).map(|res| match res {
@@ -134,7 +172,7 @@ impl Future for CacheFuture {
             Ok(Err(err)) => Err(err),
             Err(join_err) => {
                 if join_err.is_cancelled() {
-                    Err(std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::Interrupted, join_err))
+                    Err(DnsResolveError::InterruptedError(Error::new(ErrorKind::Interrupted, join_err)))
                 } else {
                     panic!("gai background task failed: {:?}", join_err)
                 }
diff --git a/src/proxy.rs b/src/proxy.rs
index ef93f97..db3b64f 100644
--- a/src/proxy.rs
+++ b/src/proxy.rs
@@ -126,11 +126,23 @@ async fn proxy(client: Client<HttpsConnector<HttpConnector<CacheResolver>>>,
                 bad_request("(remove) invalid ping hash\n")
             } else {
                 let routes = remove_routes.routes.clone();
+                let mut resolve_errors: Vec<(String, DnsResolveError)> = Vec::new();
                 for route in routes.into_iter() {
-                    let ip_string = resolve_with_cache(route.as_str(), &resolver, resolver_cache.clone()).await;
-                    remove_static_route(&ip_string);
+                    let resolve_result = resolve_with_cache(route.as_str(), &resolver, resolver_cache.clone()).await;
+                    if resolve_result.is_err() {
+                        let err = resolve_result.err().unwrap();
+                        error!("proxy(remove): error resolving hostname {:?}: {:?}", route.clone(), err);
+                        resolve_errors.push((route.clone(), err));
+                    } else {
+                        let ip_string = resolve_result.unwrap();
+                        remove_static_route(&ip_string);
+                    }
+                }
+                if resolve_errors.is_empty() {
+                    Ok(Response::new(Body::from(format!("Removed: {:?}", remove_routes.routes))))
+                } else {
+                    bad_request(format!("(remove) resolution errors: {:?}\n", resolve_errors).as_str())
                 }
-                Ok(Response::new(Body::from(format!("Removed: {:?}", remove_routes.routes))))
             }
 
         } else if path.eq(PATH_HEALTH) && method == Method::GET {
@@ -143,9 +155,15 @@ async fn proxy(client: Client<HttpsConnector<HttpConnector<CacheResolver>>>,
     }
 
     let host = host.unwrap();
-    let host_string = String::from(host);
-    trace!("proxy: received request for host {:?}, resolving...", host_string);
-    let ip_string = resolve_with_cache(host, &resolver, resolver_cache).await;
+    let host_string = Arc::new(String::from(host));
+    trace!("proxy: received request for host {:?}, resolving...", host_string.clone());
+    let resolve_result = resolve_with_cache(host, &resolver, resolver_cache).await;
+    if resolve_result.is_err() {
+        let err = resolve_result.err().unwrap();
+        error!("proxy: error resolving hostname {:?}: {:?}", host_string.clone(), err);
+        return bad_request(format!("Error: error resolving hostname: {:?}: {:?}\n", host_string.clone(), err).as_str());
+    }
+    let ip_string = resolve_result.unwrap();
     info!("proxy: host {} resolved to: {}", host, ip_string);
     trace!("proxy: request is {:?}", req);